1The bony parts and scraps of meat left over after filleting a fish, used for making stock, hot pots, or simmered dishes. In this sense it is usually written in katakana as アラ.
昨日のブリのアラで味噌汁を作った。
I made miso soup with yesterday's leftover buri (yellowtail) trimmings.
魚のアラは出汁がよく出るので、鍋に向いている。
Fish trimmings release a lot of flavor, so they're great for hot-pot dishes.
魚屋さんでアラだけを安く分けてもらった。
I got the fish trimmings cheaply from the fishmonger.
2A flaw, fault, or defect in a person or thing — especially used when picking at someone's shortcomings. Usually written in kana as あら.
彼のあらを探すような批判はやめなさい。
Stop criticizing him by picking at his faults.
検査で製品のあらが見つかり、全ロットが回収された。
A defect was found in the product during inspection, and the entire lot was recalled.
人のあらを言う前に、自分を見直したほうがいい。
Before pointing out others' faults, you should take a look at yourself.
3Rice chaff or husks left over after threshing — a regional term, written with the kanji 粗.
脱穀のあと、風で粗を飛ばしてから米を保存する。
After threshing, they winnow away the chaff with wind before storing the rice.
4A prefix attached to nouns in the form 粗〜, adding the sense of 'rough' or 'coarse' (e.g. 粗雑 'sloppy', 粗筋 'rough outline', 粗削り 'rough-cut').
商品を粗雑に扱うと、価値が下がってしまう。
If you handle the product carelessly, its value will drop.
まだ粗削りなアイデアだが、これから形にしていこう。
It's still a rough, unpolished idea, but let's shape it from here.
5A prefix in the form 粗〜 adding the sense of 'crude', 'rough-mannered', or 'raw/unrefined' (e.g. 粗野 'boorish', 粗暴 'violent', 粗製 'crudely made').
粗野な言動は周囲に不快感を与える。
Boorish behavior makes those around you feel uncomfortable.
粗製濫造された商品はすぐに壊れやすい。
Cheaply mass-produced goods tend to break easily.