1To be able to do something; for something to be possible; to be permitted to do something.
私は日本語で簡単な会話ができる。
I can have simple conversations in Japanese.
この建物では写真撮影ができますか。
Is photography allowed in this building?
このプロジェクトは一人でできる仕事ではない。
This project is not something one person can do alone.
2To be good at something; to do well at it; to be proficient or skilled in it.
彼は英語ができるので、外国のお客さんの対応も任せられる。
He's good at English, so he can be trusted to deal with foreign guests.
妹は料理がよくできる。
My younger sister is good at cooking.
私は数学があまりできない。
I'm not very good at math.
3For something to come into existence, form, or appear; to gain something such as a friend or free time.
クラスで新しい友達ができた。
I made a new friend in class.
明日、急に時間ができたので映画に行く。
I suddenly have free time tomorrow, so I'm going to see a movie.
問題ができたらすぐ先生に聞いてください。
If a problem comes up, ask the teacher right away.
4For a building, shop, institution, etc. to be made, built, or established.
駅の近くに新しいマンションができた。
A new apartment building has been built near the station.
今年、工場が新たにできる予定だ。
A new factory is scheduled to be opened this year.
会社の支店が地方に次々とできている。
Branches of the company are being opened in regional areas one after another.
5For something to be finished, completed, or ready.
宿題はもうできた？
Have you finished your homework yet?
料理ができたら教えてください。
Please tell me when the food is ready.
舞台の準備はできていますか。
Is the stage ready?
6For a crop to grow well; to yield a good harvest.
今年は麦がよくできた。
This year the wheat did well.
この畑ではトマトがよくできる。
Tomatoes grow well in this field.
7For a person or a work to be mature, well-balanced, or of fine quality/character; often used as 「できている」 or 「できた人」.
彼女は若いが、人間的にできている人だ。
Although she's young, she's a mature, well-rounded person.
この小説は構成がよくできている。
This novel is well constructed.
8To be born with, or to have by nature, a certain quality or aptitude; usually used as 「できている」.
彼はもともと人をまとめるのができている。
He is naturally good at bringing people together.
あの子は本当に社交的で、生まれつきできているところがある。
That kid is really sociable; there's something innate about it.
9Colloquial: to be romantically or intimately involved with someone; usually used as 「できている」.
あの二人、最近よく一緒にいるけど、できているらしいよ。
Those two have been together a lot lately -- apparently they're a couple.
彼女と彼はできていると噂されている。
There are rumors that she and he are seeing each other.
10Colloquial: to become pregnant; to have a baby on the way.
妹に赤ちゃんができた。
My younger sister is pregnant.
おめでとう！赤ちゃんができたんだって？
Congratulations! I heard you're expecting a baby?