et cetera; etc. — placed after a list to indicate other similar items (equivalent to 'etc. / and so on').
果物はリンゴ、バナナ、みかんなどを買った。
I bought fruits such as apples, bananas, mandarins, etc.
文房具（ふんぼうぐ）では、鉛筆、消しゴム、定規などが必要だ。
For stationery, you need things like pencils, erasers, rulers, etc.
会議では予算、日程、担当者などを決めた。
At the meeting we decided on things like the budget, schedule, and people in charge.
or something — used after an approximate quote or vague suggestion to indicate uncertainty or approximation.
彼は『明日行けるかも』などと言っていた。
He was saying things like 'I might be able to go tomorrow,' or something like that.
『そんなに難しくない』などと彼女は言ったが、本当は心配していた。
She said something like 'It's not that difficult,' but she was actually worried.
試験は来週だよ、などと友達に伝えた。
I told my friend something like, 'The exam is next week.'
the likes of; used to downplay or belittle the previous word (e.g., 私など meaning 'someone like me' in a humble or dismissive sense).
私などまだ勉強不足です。
Someone like me is still lacking in study (I'm not ready).
彼などに任せられない。
I can't entrust it to someone like him.
そんなことは子どもなどでもできる。
That's something even a child could do.
for example; for instance — used to introduce an example (similar to 'for example' in English).
寒い時は、熱いお茶などを飲むといい。
When it's cold, it's good to drink something like hot tea.
スポーツ、例えばサッカーなどは体力作りに向いている。
Sports, for example soccer, are good for building physical strength.
休日は映画や読書などでゆっくり過ごすことが多い。
On holidays I often spend time relaxing with things like movies or reading.