みやこ
Alternative writings:
JLPT:N3
Frequency:

1A capital city, especially used in historical contexts to refer to a former seat of government (such as old Kyoto).

Noun

Examples

平安時代、都は京都に置かれていた。

During the Heian period, the capital was located in Kyoto.

昔、奈良が日本の都だった時代がある。

There was a time in the past when Nara was Japan's capital.

歴史の教科書には都の移り変わりが詳しく書かれている。

The history textbook describes in detail how the capital changed over time.

2A figurative use referring to a city seen as the center or capital of a particular field or culture.

Noun

Examples

パリはファッションの都として世界的に知られている。

Paris is world-famous as the capital of fashion.

ウィーンは音楽の都と呼ばれ、多くの作曲家を輩出した。

Vienna is called the capital of music and has produced many composers.

その街は美食の都として観光客を集めている。

That city draws tourists as a capital of fine cuisine.

3A somewhat literary usage referring to the place where the Imperial Palace itself is located.

Noun

Examples

古文では、都に上ることを「上洛」と表現することがある。

In classical Japanese texts, going up to the capital (where the palace was) is sometimes expressed as "jouraku."

都には帝の御所があり、多くの貴族が仕えていた。

The Imperial Palace stood in the capital, where many nobles served.

Word Relationships

Synonyms