For the present; for the time being — indicates that the current situation will continue for a while.
当分は忙しいので、遊びに行けません。
I'm busy for the time being, so I can't go out.
その問題は当分先送りにしましょう。
Let's postpone that issue for the time being.
寒い時期は当分続く見込みだ。
The cold period is expected to continue for the time being.
For a while (from now); for some time (to come) — refers to the upcoming period during which a condition holds.
給料日が来るまで当分の間やりくりしなければならない。
I'll have to manage for a while until payday comes.
当分のあいだ外出を控えてください。
Please refrain from going out for a while.
新しい設備が入るまで、当分このまま運用します。
We'll operate as is for a while until new equipment arrives.