1The economy — the overall system and activity of producing, distributing, and consuming goods and services within a country or region; also the academic field of economics.
日本の経済は輸出産業に大きく支えられている。
Japan's economy relies heavily on its export industries.
世界経済はここ数年、大きな変化を経験している。
The global economy has undergone major changes in recent years.
大学で経済を専攻することにした。
I decided to major in economics at university.
景気が上向くと経済全体が活気づく。
When the economic climate improves, the whole economy becomes more vibrant.
2Finance — the financial condition or funds of a person, household, or organization.
今月は出費が多くて家計の経済が苦しい。
We had a lot of expenses this month, so our household finances are tight.
会社の経済状態が安定してきた。
The company's financial situation has become more stable.
留学するなら、まず経済的な計画を立てたほうがいい。
If you're going to study abroad, you should first make a financial plan.
3Being economical or thrifty — cutting down on waste and expenses.
電気をこまめに消すのは経済にもなるし、環境にもいい。
Turning off lights frequently is both economical and good for the environment.
まとめ買いをすることで経済を図っている。
I buy in bulk as a way to economize.