1A job, occupation, or position — the work someone does or the post they hold.
大学を卒業してから、なかなか職が見つからない。
Since graduating from university, I haven't been able to find a job.
彼は今の職に満足しているようだ。
He seems satisfied with his current job.
転職して、前より条件のいい職に就いた。
I changed jobs and took a position with better conditions than before.
定年後も何か軽い職に就きたいと思っている。
Even after retirement, I'd like to take on some light work.
2The duties or responsibilities attached to a post; can also refer to a position of responsibility itself, as in 職を辞す ("to resign one's post").
不祥事の責任を取って、彼は職を辞した。
He resigned his post to take responsibility for the scandal.
社長という重い職にあるからには、軽々しい発言は許されない。
Since he holds the weighty post of company president, careless remarks aren't permitted.
彼女は教師としての職を全うした。
She fully carried out her duties as a teacher.
3A trade or specialized skill one can make a living by; most often seen in the set phrase 手に職をつける ("to learn a marketable trade/skill").
彼女は手に職をつけようと美容師の学校に通っている。
She's attending beauty school to learn a marketable trade.
何か職を身につけておけば、将来困らないだろう。
If you pick up some trade skill, you probably won't struggle in the future.