1To bump into; to collide with — physical contact where two things strike each other.
自転車が道路の端にぶつかって倒れた。
The bicycle hit the edge of the road and fell over.
暗い通りで誰かにぶつかってしまった。
I bumped into someone on a dark street.
2To encounter; to come upon — to run into someone or something unexpectedly or to be faced with something.
山道で昔の友人にばったりぶつかった。
I ran into an old friend on the mountain path.
研究を進める中で新たな問題にぶつかることがある。
While advancing research, you may come across new problems.
3To clash (opinions, people) — to be in conflict or opposition with someone or something.
会議で彼の考え方が他のメンバーとぶつかって議論になった。
His way of thinking clashed with other members in the meeting and led to an argument.
文化の違いがしばしば価値観とぶつかることがある。
Cultural differences often clash with values.
4To coincide (events); to fall on the same time — when two events occur at the same time.
家族の式と出張の日程がぶつかってしまった。
My family's ceremony and the business trip schedule conflicted.
来週の会議が他の重要な行事とぶつかった。
Next week's meeting clashes with another important event.
5To tackle head-on; to confront boldly — to face a difficulty or problem directly.
彼は難問にぶつかっても逃げずに解決策を探した。
Even when faced with a difficult problem, he didn't run away and looked for solutions.
問題を先延ばしにせず、早いうちにぶつかるべきだ。
You should confront the problem early instead of postponing it.