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Elementary Patterns

Essential patterns for everyday conversations.

49 grammar points

〜でしょう

>> probably / I bet

〜間

>> While / during the entire time...

〜間に

>> While / during the time when...

〜ばかり

>> Nothing but...

〜ほど〜ない

>> Not as... as

〜ほうがいい

>> Had better...

〜かどうか

>> Whether or not...

みたい

>> Looks like...

〜にする

>> Decide on... / Make something...

〜の

>> Nominalizer

〜らしい

>> It seems... / Typical of...

〜しかない

>> Only...

〜そう

>> Looks like... / I heard... / About to...

〜すぎる

>> too much / over-

〜たばかり

>> Just done...

〜と

>> Whenever...

〜やすい / 〜にくい

>> Easy to... / Hard to...

ような/ように

>> Like...

〜がする

>> To sense (sound, smell, etc.)

〜始める / 〜終わる

>> finish doing / start to / begin to

〜かもしれない

>> maybe / perhaps

〜ことがある

>> sometimes...

〜ことになる

>> it has been decided that

〜ことにする

>> decide to do

〜し〜し

>> and besides; not only... but also...

〜ために

>> in order to / for

〜という

>> ...called / ...named

〜つもりだ

>> intend to do

〜てある

>> something has been done (and the state remains)

〜ておく

>> do in advance / leave as is

〜ていく

>> go on / continue to / go away / move away

〜てくる

>> have become / have been / come towards / go and come back

〜てしまう

>> completely finished / have done / unfortunately / unintentionally

〜てみる

>> try doing

〜ても

>> even if

〜ところだ

>> about to / in the middle of / just finished

〜なさい

>> Do it (command)

〜ので

>> Because / since

〜なら

>> If (advice/request) / If it's... (regarding topic) / If it's... (contrast/limitation)

〜のに

>> Despite / even though

〜必要がある

>> Need to / it is necessary to

〜までに

>> By / by the time

〜まま

>> as it is / while

〜ようと思う

>> thinking of doing

〜ようと思っている

>> planning to do

〜ようにしている

>> making an effort to

〜ようにする

>> try to / make an effort to

〜ようになる

>> become able to / reach the point where

〜予定だ

>> scheduled to / plan to
N4 Grammar | 2hongo