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Elementary Patterns
Essential patterns for everyday conversations.
49 grammar points
〜でしょう
>> probably / I bet
〜間
>> While / during the entire time...
〜間に
>> While / during the time when...
〜ばかり
>> Nothing but...
〜ほど〜ない
>> Not as... as
〜ほうがいい
>> Had better...
〜かどうか
>> Whether or not...
みたい
>> Looks like...
〜にする
>> Decide on... / Make something...
〜の
>> Nominalizer
〜らしい
>> It seems... / Typical of...
〜しかない
>> Only...
〜そう
>> Looks like... / I heard... / About to...
〜すぎる
>> too much / over-
〜たばかり
>> Just done...
〜と
>> Whenever...
〜やすい / 〜にくい
>> Easy to... / Hard to...
ような/ように
>> Like...
〜がする
>> To sense (sound, smell, etc.)
〜始める / 〜終わる
>> finish doing / start to / begin to
〜かもしれない
>> maybe / perhaps
〜ことがある
>> sometimes...
〜ことになる
>> it has been decided that
〜ことにする
>> decide to do
〜し〜し
>> and besides; not only... but also...
〜ために
>> in order to / for
〜という
>> ...called / ...named
〜つもりだ
>> intend to do
〜てある
>> something has been done (and the state remains)
〜ておく
>> do in advance / leave as is
〜ていく
>> go on / continue to / go away / move away
〜てくる
>> have become / have been / come towards / go and come back
〜てしまう
>> completely finished / have done / unfortunately / unintentionally
〜てみる
>> try doing
〜ても
>> even if
〜ところだ
>> about to / in the middle of / just finished
〜なさい
>> Do it (command)
〜ので
>> Because / since
〜なら
>> If (advice/request) / If it's... (regarding topic) / If it's... (contrast/limitation)
〜のに
>> Despite / even though
〜必要がある
>> Need to / it is necessary to
〜までに
>> By / by the time
〜まま
>> as it is / while
〜ようと思う
>> thinking of doing
〜ようと思っている
>> planning to do
〜ようにしている
>> making an effort to
〜ようにする
>> try to / make an effort to
〜ようになる
>> become able to / reach the point where
〜予定だ
>> scheduled to / plan to
N4 Grammar | 2hongo