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136 grammar patterns
Upper Intermediate
Complex patterns used in business and formal contexts.
136 grammar patterns
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〜あげく
Time
>>
after ~ing
〜あまり
Reason
>>
so ~ that
あまりの〜に
Reason
>>
due to extreme ~
〜ばかりか
Enumeration
>>
not only ~ but also
〜ばかりに
Reason
>>
just because of ~
〜ばかり
Tendency
>>
getting worse ~
〜ぶる
Tendency
>>
pretend to be ~
〜だけあって
Reason
>>
as expected of ~
〜だけましだ
Comparison
>>
at least ~
〜だけに
Reason
>>
all the more because ~
〜どころか
Comparison
>>
far from ~
〜どころではない
Degree
>>
not the time for ~
〜得る / 〜得ない
Supposition
>>
can ~ (possibility)
〜ふう
Tendency
>>
in the manner of ~
〜気味
Tendency
>>
a touch of ~
〜がたい
Tendency
>>
hard to ~ (psychologically)
〜げ
Supposition
>>
looks ~
〜反面
Comparison
>>
on the other hand
〜ほかない
Limitation
>>
no choice but to ~
〜以上
Reason
>>
now that ~
〜一方で
Comparison
Enumeration
>>
①
on the other hand
②
at the same time
〜以来
Time
>>
ever since ~
〜上
Topic
>>
in terms of ~
〜くらいなら
Comparison
>>
rather than ~
〜くせに
Concession
>>
even though (blame) ~
〜きり
Time
Limitation
>>
①
ever since ~
②
only ~
〜からいうと
Evaluation
>>
judging from ~
〜からして
Evaluation
>>
①
even from ~
②
judging from ~
〜からすると
Evaluation
>>
judging from ~
〜かねない
Supposition
>>
could result in ~
〜かねる
Potential
>>
unable to ~
〜か〜ないかのうちに
Time
>>
as soon as ~
〜かのよう
Comparison
>>
as if ~
〜かと思うと
Time
>>
no sooner than ~
〜限り
Degree
Conditional
>>
①
as much as possible
②
as long as ~
〜からといって
Concession
>>
just because ~
〜っこない
Supposition
>>
definitely not ~
〜このかた
Time
>>
ever since ~
〜甲斐
Reason
>>
worth the effort
〜ことだ
Intention
>>
should ~
〜のことだから
Reason
Supposition
>>
knowing ~ (surely) ~
〜ことだろう
Degree
Supposition
>>
how ~ !
〜ことだし
Reason
>>
since (it's) ~
〜ことなく
Tendency
>>
without doing ~
〜ことに
Emotion
>>
to my (emotion) ~
〜ことになると
Topic
>>
when it comes to ~
〜まい
Intention
Supposition
>>
will not ~
〜まま
Tendency
>>
according to ~
〜もかまわず
Concession
>>
regardless of ~
〜もしない
Limitation
>>
don't even ~
〜ものがある
Degree
>>
there is something ~ about it
〜ものか
Supposition
>>
as if ~!
ものだ
Degree
Limitation
>>
①
really ~
②
should ~
〜ものだから
Reason
>>
because ~
〜ものなら
Conditional
>>
if only I could ~
〜ものの
Concession
>>
although ~
〜もの
Reason
>>
because ~
〜ながら
Concession
>>
although ~
〜に限る
Limitation
>>
limited to ~
〜につき
Reason
>>
due to ~ (notice)
〜のもとで
Evaluation
Time
>>
under the ~ of
〜に応えて
Purpose
>>
in response to ~
〜に越したことはない
Comparison
>>
best if ~
〜に際して
Time
>>
upon ~ (formal)
〜に限って
Limitation
Time
>>
①
definitely not ~ (trust)
②
especially when ~
〜にもかかわらず
Concession
>>
despite ~
〜に基づいて
Evaluation
>>
based on ~
〜にともなって
Time
Reason
>>
as ~ / along with ~
〜につけて
Time
>>
whenever ~
〜に沿って
Evaluation
>>
along / according to ~
〜にすぎない
Limitation
>>
merely ~
〜に相違ない
Supposition
>>
without a doubt
〜にて
Time
Reason
>>
at ~
〜のみ
Limitation
>>
only ~
〜のみならず
Enumeration
>>
not only ~, but also ~
〜ないことには〜ない
Conditional
>>
unless ~
〜ないことはない
Supposition
>>
not that ~ isn't ~
〜ないで済む
Tendency
>>
get by without ~ing
〜ないでもない
Supposition
>>
not that ~ isn't ~
〜ないとも限らない
Supposition
>>
not necessarily that ~ won't
〜にあたって
Time
>>
upon ~ (formal)
に応じて
Evaluation
>>
according to ~
〜に限らず
Enumeration
>>
not limited to ~
〜に加えて
Enumeration
>>
in addition to ~
〜に先立って
Time
>>
prior to ~ (formal)
〜ぬく
Degree
>>
to do ~ until the end
〜にほかならない
Limitation
Reason
>>
nothing other than ~
〜ぬ
>>
not ~
〜なんて
Topic
>>
such a thing as ~
〜にしても
Concession
>>
even if ~
〜にしても〜にしても
Enumeration
>>
whether ~ or ~
にしたら
Topic
>>
for ~ (perspective)
にしては
Evaluation
>>
for ~ (unexpected)
〜折に
Time
>>
on the occasion of ~
〜っぱなし
Tendency
>>
leaving ~ as it is
〜っぽい
Comparison
Tendency
>>
①
~ish (appearance)
②
~ish (quality)
③
easily ~
〜そうにない
Supposition
>>
unlikely to ~
〜末に
Time
Reason
>>
after much ~
〜次第
Time
Conditional
>>
①
as soon as ~
②
depends on ~
〜次第だ
Conditional
>>
depends on ~
〜たものではない
Supposition
>>
cannot possibly ~
〜てでも
Concession
>>
even if it means ~
〜てまで
Concession
>>
to such an extreme degree as; even to the point of
〜てみせる
Intention
>>
will definitely; show (by doing)
〜てならない
Degree
>>
cannot help but; extremely
〜てはいられない
Limitation
>>
cannot afford to; cannot keep doing
〜といったら
Degree
Topic
>>
①
~ (beyond words)
②
speaking of ~
〜といった
Enumeration
>>
such as ~
〜というものではない
Limitation
>>
not necessarily ~
〜とは
Topic
>>
~ means ~
〜とか
Supposition
>>
i heard ~
〜ところだった
Time
>>
almost ~
〜として〜ない
Limitation
>>
not even one ~
〜となると
Conditional
>>
if it comes to ~
〜つつ
Concession
>>
although ~
〜つつある
Time
>>
in the process of ~
〜上で
Time
Topic
>>
①
after ~
②
in ~ing
〜上は
Conditional
>>
now that ~
〜を除いて
Limitation
>>
except for ~
〜はさておき
Topic
Limitation
>>
putting ~ aside
〜はともかく
Topic
Limitation
>>
regardless of ~
〜はまだしも
Comparison
>>
~ is okay, but...
〜はもとより
Enumeration
Limitation
>>
not to mention ~
〜を抜きにして
Limitation
>>
leaving out ~
〜を契機に
Reason
Time
>>
following ~
〜を頼りに
Limitation
>>
relying on ~
〜を問わず
Limitation
>>
regardless of ~
〜をはじめ
Enumeration
Limitation
>>
starting with ~
〜をめぐって
Topic
>>
concerning ~
〜をもとに
Reason
>>
based on ~
〜やら〜やら
Enumeration
>>
~ and ~ and so on
〜ようとしている
Time
>>
about to ~
〜ようものなら
Conditional
>>
if one were to ~
〜ずじまい
Concession
>>
ended up not ~ing
〜ずにははいられない
Limitation
>>
cannot help but ~
〜ざるを得ない
Limitation
>>
have no choice but to ~